{"id":1185,"date":"2024-04-29T23:24:10","date_gmt":"2024-04-29T20:24:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/odyova.com\/haberler\/?p=1185"},"modified":"2024-04-29T23:24:10","modified_gmt":"2024-04-29T20:24:10","slug":"hipotiroidi-tiroid-bezi-yetmezligi-az-calisan-tiroid-bezi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/odyova.com\/haberler\/hipotiroidi-tiroid-bezi-yetmezligi-az-calisan-tiroid-bezi\/","title":{"rendered":"Hipotiroidi, tiroid bezi yetmezli\u011fi, az \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan tiroid bezi"},"content":{"rendered":"


H\u0130POT\u0130RO\u0130D\u0130, T\u0130RO\u0130D BEZ\u0130 YETMEZL\u0130\u011e\u0130, AZ \u00c7ALI\u015eAN T\u0130RO\u0130D BEZ\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tiroid bezinin az \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 ve tiroid hormonlar\u0131n\u0131 az \u00fcretmesi sonucu kanda tiroid hormonlar\u0131n\u0131n (T3 ve T4) d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olmas\u0131 durumuna tiroit yetmezli\u011fi veya t\u0131p dilinde hipotiroidi <\/strong>denir.<\/p>\n

Tiroit bezi yetmezli\u011fi kal\u0131t\u0131msal, iltihabi hastal\u0131klarla veya ya\u015flanma, iyot eksikli\u011fi ve kullan\u0131lan baz\u0131 ila\u00e7lar\u0131n yan etkisiyle olu\u015fabilmektedir.<\/p>\n

Tiroit yetmezli\u011fi ya\u015f\u0131n artmas\u0131yla s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7ok artar, kad\u0131nlarda daha s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Tiroid yetmezli\u011fi tiroit fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan hipertiroididen daha s\u0131kt\u0131r ve nod\u00fcllerden sonra en s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclen tiroit hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Toplumda yakla\u015f\u0131k % 5 oran\u0131nda bulunur.<\/p>\n

Tiroit yetmezliklerinin \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funu ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 halindeki hafif tiroid bezi yetmezli\u011fi (sadece TSH y\u00fcksek fakat T3 ve T4 normal olmas\u0131) olu\u015fturur. Daha ileri tiroid yetmezlikleri daha nadirdir.<\/p>\n

Tiroit hormon yetersizli\u011fi sonucu v\u00fccutta t\u00fcm metabolik olaylarda yayg\u0131n yava\u015flama yaparak v\u00fccudun dengesini alt \u00fcst eder.Hamilelik d\u00f6nemindeki, bebek ve \u00e7ocuklardaki uzun s\u00fcren tiroit yetmezlikleri zeka gerili\u011fine, b\u00fcy\u00fcme ve geli\u015fmede belirgin gecikmeye neden olur.Eri\u015fkinlerdeki yetmezliklerde ise v\u00fccut metabolizmas\u0131nda yava\u015flaman\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra ruhsal \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fc, unutkanl\u0131k, hareketlerde azalma ve uykusuzluk g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Tedavi edilmedi\u011fi durumda kalp ve damar hastal\u0131klar\u0131 olu\u015fabilir.<\/p>\n

KA\u00c7 \u00c7E\u015e\u0130T T\u0130RO\u0130T BEZ\u0130 YETMEZL\u0130\u011e\u0130 VARDIR?<\/strong><\/p>\n

1.<\/strong>Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ya\u015fa g\u00f6re:<\/strong><\/p>\n

a)<\/strong> Do\u011fumsal olabilir
b)<\/strong> Eri\u015fkin ya\u015fta ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir.<\/p>\n

2. Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u015fiddetine g\u00f6re: <\/strong><\/p>\n

a)<\/strong> Hafif derecede yetmezlik; TSH y\u00fcksek fakat T4 ve T3 hormonlar\u0131 normal
b)<\/strong> Belirgin derecede yetmezlik; TSH y\u00fcksek, T4 ve T3 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck<\/p>\n

3. Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n yerine g\u00f6re:<\/strong><\/p>\n

a)<\/strong> Tiroit bezinin kendi hastal\u0131klar\u0131 nedeniyle tiroit yetmezli\u011fi; Tiroit yetmezlikli hastalar\u0131n % 95\u2019i bu guruptad\u0131r. Tiroit bezinde hastal\u0131k vard\u0131r ve t\u0131p dilinde primer hipotiroidizm ad\u0131 verilir.
b)<\/strong> Beyindeki hipofiz bezinden TSH hormonunun az salg\u0131lanmas\u0131 sonucu tiroit hormon yetmezli\u011fi; Daha nadir g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr ve t\u0131p dilinde santral hipotiroidi ad\u0131 verilir.<\/p>\n

Tiroid Yetmezli\u011fi Yapan Ba\u015fl\u0131ca Hastal\u0131klar;<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hashimoto Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131;<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tiroit bezinde nedeni bilinmeyen bir \u015fekilde k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclme ve hormon yapacak h\u00fccrelerde azalma olur. Sonu\u00e7ta tiroit hormonu az yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan tiroid yetmezli\u011fi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Tiroid bezi yetmezli\u011finin en s\u0131k nedenlerinden olan Hashimoto Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, hipotiroidi genellikle kal\u0131c\u0131 olarak yerle\u015fir.<\/p>\n

\u0130yot yetmezli\u011fi ve selenyum yetmezli\u011fi;<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tiroit hormon yap\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekli olan iyodun her g\u00fcn g\u0131da ve su ile al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekir. \u00c7ok az iyot al\u0131nca tiroit hormonlar\u0131 yap\u0131lamaz ve tiroit yetmezli\u011fi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar.<\/p>\n

Selenyum yetmezli\u011fi de tiroit hormon yetersizli\u011fine neden olabilir. \u00dclkemizin baz\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerinde iyot ve selenyum yetmezli\u011fi vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Graves hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131;<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tiroit bezinin fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n tedavisi i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan radyoaktif iyot tedavisi tiroit bezinde hasar yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan tedaviden birka\u00e7 ay sonra veya ilk y\u0131l i\u00e7inde tiroit bezi yetmezli\u011fi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar.
A\u011fr\u0131l\u0131 veya a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131z tiroit bezi iltihab\u0131 ge\u00e7iren hastalar\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131nda tiroit bezi h\u00fccrelerindeki hasar d\u00fczelmez ve hormon yapacak h\u00fccreler yok oldu\u011fundan kal\u0131c\u0131 hipotiroidi yani tiroit yetmezli\u011fi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir.<\/p>\n

Di\u011fer Nedenler;<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tiroit ameliyat\u0131 olanlarda tiroit bezinin ameliyatla bir k\u0131sm\u0131 veya tamam\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in tiroit hormonu yapacak h\u00fccre azal\u0131r veya hi\u00e7 kalmaz ve sonunda hormon azl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve tiroit yetmezli\u011fi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Tiroit bezinin tamam\u0131 ameliyatla \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131rsa yetmezlik ilk hafta ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaya ba\u015flar. Bezin bir k\u0131sm\u0131 al\u0131nanlarda ilerideki aylarda veya y\u0131llarda yava\u015f yava\u015f tiroit hormon azl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir.<\/p>\n

Kalp ila\u00e7lar\u0131, psikolojik hastal\u0131klar\u0131n tedavisinde kullan\u0131lan lityum, hepatit tedavisinde kullan\u0131lan interferon, interl\u00f6kin\u20132 kullananlarda da tiroit bezi yetmezli\u011fi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir.
Kanser nedeniyle ba\u015f ve boyuna yap\u0131lan \u0131\u015f\u0131n tedavisi (radyoterapi) sonras\u0131 hastalar\u0131n % 20-30’unda tiroit bezi yetmezli\u011fi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar.<\/p>\n

Beyinde bulunan hipofiz bezinin hastal\u0131klar\u0131nda TSH az salg\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131nda tiroit bezinde yeteri kadar hormon yap\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in hipotiroidi geli\u015febilir.<\/p>\n

Baz\u0131 yiyecekler tiroit hormon salg\u0131lanmas\u0131n\u0131 ve tiroit ila\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n emilimini bozdu\u011fundan a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 t\u00fcketilmemeli, tiroit ilac\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6\u011f\u00fcnde yenmemelidir.<\/p>\n

A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 t\u00fcketim olmadan g\u00fcnl\u00fck normal diyetle al\u0131nan miktarlardaki soya ya\u011f\u0131, soya fasulyesi, brokoli, kabak, turp, br\u00fcksel lahanas\u0131 ve karal\u00e2hana gibi yiyecekler tiroit bezi yetmezli\u011fi yapmaz.<\/p>\n

Kadmiyum zehirlenmesi: Kadmiyum pillerde bulunan bir elementtir. At\u0131k pillerin i\u00e7ilen suya kar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131yla al\u0131nan a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 kadmiyum, selenyumun v\u00fccuttan at\u0131lmas\u0131na neden olur. Selenyum tiroit hormonu T4\u2019\u00fc T3\u2019e \u00e7eviren enzimin yap\u0131s\u0131nda bulunur. Selenyum olmay\u0131nca T3 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve sonu\u00e7ta tiroit yetmezli\u011fi geli\u015fir.<\/p>\n

Tiroid yetmezli\u011fine katk\u0131da bulunan beslenme hatalar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/strong><\/p>\n

1.<\/strong> G\u0131dalarla ve i\u00e7ilen suyla yetersiz iyot al\u0131nmas\u0131
2<\/strong>. Sessiz tiroit hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 varken a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 iyotlu tuz kullanmak
3.<\/strong> Ya\u011f asit eksikli\u011fi ve protein yetersizli\u011fi
4.<\/strong> Flor ve kloru fazla olan su i\u00e7mek
5.<\/strong> Karbonhidratl\u0131 g\u0131dalarla \u00e7ok beslenmek
6.<\/strong> \u0130yot eksikli\u011fi olanlar\u0131n fazla soya fasulyesi soyadan elde edilen isoflovan veya soya ya\u011f\u0131 t\u00fcketmeleri
7.<\/strong> Manganez, selenyum, \u00e7inko eksikli\u011fi
8.<\/strong> A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 sigara kullan\u0131m\u0131
9.<\/strong> Kadmiyum zehirlenmesi<\/p>\n

Bebeklerde G\u00f6r\u00fclen Do\u011fumsal Tiroid Yetmezli\u011fi:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Do\u011fumsal tiroit yetmezli\u011fi T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de her 4000 do\u011fumda 1 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. K\u0131z bebeklerde erkek bebeklere g\u00f6re 2 kat daha fazla do\u011fumsal tiroit yetmezli\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir<\/p>\n

Do\u011fumsal tiroit yetmezli\u011finin d\u00fcnyada en yayg\u0131n nedeni iyot yetmezli\u011fidir. Hamilelikte annenin yeteri kadar iyot almamas\u0131 do\u011fan bebekte tiroit bezinin yeterince hormon yapamamas\u0131na ve tiroit bezi yetmezli\u011fine neden olur.<\/p>\n

Do\u011fumsal tiroit yetmezli\u011fi tiroit bezinde anormallikler, bezin tamamen yoklu\u011fu veya bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n yoklu\u011fu ve hormon yap\u0131m\u0131ndaki genetik bozukluklarla da olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Do\u011fumsal tiroit yetmezli\u011fi olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlamak i\u00e7in t\u00fcm bebeklerde do\u011fum sonras\u0131 topuktan al\u0131nan kanda TSH hormonu \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc yapmak gerekir. TSH y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u0131karsa bir ay sonra tekrar hormon kontrol\u00fc yap\u0131l\u0131r ve duruma g\u00f6re tedaviye karar verilir.<\/p>\n

Bebeklerde hipotiroidi uzun s\u00fcrer ise zek\u00e2 gerili\u011fi, boy k\u0131sal\u0131\u011f\u0131, el ve y\u00fczde \u015fi\u015flik, sa\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k, sinir sistemiyle ilgili bozukluklar, solunum s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131, dilde b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fck, g\u00f6bek f\u0131t\u0131\u011f\u0131, morarma, sar\u0131l\u0131k, beslenmenin k\u00f6t\u00fc olmas\u0131, at ki\u015fnemesi gibi a\u011flama ve kemik geli\u015fim bozuklu\u011fu olu\u015fabilir. Tedavide gecikilirse bu hasarlar d\u00fczelmez, erken ya\u015fta ergenli\u011fe girer ve b\u00fcy\u00fcme ve geli\u015fmedeki gerilik, boy k\u0131sal\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve zek\u00e2 gerili\u011fi kal\u0131c\u0131 hale gelir,<\/p>\n

K\u0130MLERDE T\u0130RO\u0130T YETMEZL\u0130\u011e\u0130 R\u0130SK\u0130 VARDIR?<\/strong><\/p>\n

1- Ailesinde tiroit hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 olanlar:<\/strong> Ailesinde Hashimoto ve Graves hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 olanlarda tiroit bezi yetmezli\u011fi geli\u015fme riski daha fazlad\u0131r.
2- Kad\u0131nlar: <\/strong>Tiroit bezi yetmezli\u011fi kad\u0131nlarda erkeklere g\u00f6re 8\u201310 kat daha fazla g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Bu nedenle kad\u0131nlar risk alt\u0131ndad\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle gebelikte, do\u011fumdan sonraki ilk y\u0131l i\u00e7inde, menopoz d\u00f6neminde ve memeden s\u00fct salg\u0131lat\u0131c\u0131 prolaktin hormonu y\u00fcksekli\u011fi olan kad\u0131nlarda tiroid bezi yetmezli\u011fi s\u0131kt\u0131r. Tiroid yetmezli\u011fi yumurtlamay\u0131 engelledi\u011fi i\u00e7in \u00e7ocuk istedi\u011fi halde gebe kalamayan kad\u0131nlarda da tiroit yetmezli\u011fi olabilir.
3- \u0130leri Ya\u015f;<\/strong> Ya\u015f art\u0131k\u00e7a risk artar. Kad\u0131nlarda \u00f6zellikle 50 ya\u015f\u0131n \u00fczerinde, erkeklerde de 60 ya\u015f \u00fczerinde tiroit yetmezli\u011fi s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 artar. 70 ya\u015f\u0131n \u00fczerinde oran artarak %15\u2019lere ula\u015f\u0131r.
4- Tiroit hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya tiroit ameliyat\u0131 ge\u00e7irenler:<\/strong> \u00d6nceden tiroit hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 ge\u00e7irenlerde ve ameliyat olanlarda da yeteri kadar hormon yapacak tiroit bezi kalmay\u0131nca hipotiroidi geli\u015fir.
5- Guatr hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve nod\u00fclleri olanlar:<\/strong> Guatr hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 olanlarda Hashimoto hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya tiroit iltihab\u0131 \u00f6nceden mevcut olabilir ve bu nedenle tiroit yetmezli\u011fi bulunabilir.
6- \u015eeker hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 olanlar:<\/strong> \u015eeker hastalar\u0131n\u0131n % 10\u2019unda Hashimoto hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve buna ba\u011fl\u0131 hipotiroidi geli\u015fir. Do\u011fum yapan \u015feker hastalar\u0131n\u0131n % 25\u2019inde tiroit bezi iltihab\u0131 ve buna ba\u011fl\u0131 tiroit yetmezli\u011fi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r.
7- Otoimm\u00fcn hastal\u0131klar<\/strong>: V\u00fccudun kendi organlar\u0131n\u0131 tahrip etmesiyle karakterize Addison hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131, alopesi (sa\u00e7larda belirli b\u00f6lgelerde d\u00f6k\u00fclme-sa\u00e7k\u0131ran), vitiligo (deride renksiz baz\u0131 alanlar olmas\u0131) ve tip 1 diabet gibi hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 olanlarda tiroit bezi yetmezli\u011fi daha fazla g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.
8- Demans veya depresyonu olanlar:<\/strong> Hipotiroidi bazen demans \u015feklinde kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kar. Bu ki\u015filerde tiroid hormon tetkiklerinin yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir. Manik-depresif hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 olanlarda da hipotiroidi s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.
9- Lityum ve amiodaron (cordarone) ilac\u0131 kullananlar<\/strong>: Baz\u0131 psikolojik hastal\u0131klar\u0131n tedavisinde kullan\u0131lan Lityum ilac\u0131 guatr ve hipotiroidizm geli\u015fmesine neden olabilir. Lityum kullanan hastalar\u0131n %5\u2019inde tam tiroid yetmezli\u011fi, %25\u2019inde hafif tiroid yetmezli\u011fi geli\u015fmektedir.
10- Kolesterol\u00fc y\u00fcksek olanlar:<\/strong> Hipotiroidisi bulunan hastalarda kan kolesterol\u00fc y\u00fckselir. Bu nedenle kolesterol\u00fc y\u00fcksek ki\u015filerde tiroid tetkik edilmelidir.
11- Kans\u0131zl\u0131k (anemi) olanlar:<\/strong> Hipotiroidide kans\u0131zl\u0131k s\u0131k oldu\u011fundan kans\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olanlarda tiroid hormon tetkiklerinin yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir.
12- CPK ve LDH tetkikleri ve karaci\u011fer tetkikleri y\u00fcksek olanlarda; <\/strong>kreatin fosfokinaz (CPK) ve laktat dehidrogenaz (LDH), SGOT, SGPT ve alkalen fosfataz tetkiklerinde y\u00fckseklik olanlarda ba\u015fka sebep yoksa hipotiroidi olabilece\u011fi akla gelmeli ve tiroid hormon tetkikleri yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.
13- Down sendromu veya Turner sendromu: <\/strong>Bu t\u00fcr do\u011fumsal, genetik hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 olanlarda hipotiroidi s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

T\u0130RO\u0130D BEZ\u0130 YETMEZL\u0130\u011e\u0130NDE BEL\u0130RT\u0130LER<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tiroit bezi yetmezli\u011fi genellikle yava\u015f olarak geli\u015fti\u011finden fark\u0131na var\u0131lmas\u0131 zordur. Bazen \u015fik\u00e2yetler hafif iken baz\u0131 hastalarda \u00e7ok \u015fiddetli belirtiler ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Bir\u00e7ok ki\u015fi kendisinde bu hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n oldu\u011funu bilmeden \u015fik\u00e2yetlerine g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fik uzmanlara gidebilir. Baz\u0131 belirtiler \u00f6zellikle ya\u015fl\u0131 ki\u015filerde ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131\u011fa ba\u011flan\u0131p atlanabilir. Ancak tiroit bezi hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan \u015f\u00fcphelenirlerse tetkikler yap\u0131larak te\u015fhis edilebilir.<\/p>\n

A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u015fik\u00e2yet ve belirtilerin hepsi tiroit yetmezli\u011fi olan b\u00fct\u00fcn hastalarda olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi bu \u015fik\u00e2yetlerin olmas\u0131 o ki\u015fide mutlaka tiroit bezi yetmezli\u011fi oldu\u011fu anlam\u0131na gelmez. Bunlar\u0131n bir\u00e7o\u011fu ba\u015fka nedenlerle de olabilir.<\/p>\n

Tiroit yetmezli\u011finde belirtiler;<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2022 Kolay yorulma, yorgunluk, bitkinlik, halsizlik, hareketlerde yava\u015fl\u0131k
\u2022 Hat\u0131rlamada zorluk, unutkanl\u0131k, yava\u015f d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnme
\u2022 Uyanmada zorluk, daha \u00e7ok uyku iste\u011fi, g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde uyuklama
\u2022 \u00dc\u015f\u00fcme veya kendini so\u011fuk hissetme
\u2022 Terlemenin azalmas\u0131
\u2022 Kuru, kal\u0131n, ka\u015f\u0131nan ve sar\u0131-portakal renginde bir deri
\u2022 Kuru, kaba ve kolay k\u0131r\u0131lan t\u0131rnaklar
\u2022 Sa\u00e7 d\u00f6k\u00fclmesi, ka\u015flarda d\u00f6k\u00fclme
\u2022 Kilo alma ve kiloyu verememe
\u2022 Horlamada art\u0131\u015f
\u2022 Eklemlerde a\u011fr\u0131, kas kramplar\u0131, kaslarda i\u011fne batmas\u0131 hissi veya kar\u0131ncalanma
\u2022 S\u0131k kab\u0131zl\u0131k
\u2022 G\u00f6z etraf\u0131n\u0131n ve g\u00f6zalt\u0131n\u0131n \u015fi\u015fmesi, el, ayak ve eklemlerde \u015fi\u015flik<\/p>\n

\u2022 Depresyon geli\u015fmesi ve hi\u00e7bir \u015feyle ilgilenmeme
\u2022 Sesin kal\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131 ve ses k\u0131s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131
\u2022 \u0130\u015fitmede azalma olu\u015fmas\u0131
\u2022 Kalp h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n ve nab\u0131z say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n azalmas\u0131
\u2022 Kan kolesterol d\u00fczeyinde artma
\u2022 Adet kanamalar\u0131n\u0131n daha fazla miktarda olmas\u0131, adetlerde kramp olmas\u0131 ve adet \u00f6ncesi d\u00f6nemin k\u00f6t\u00fc ge\u00e7mesi, adet s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n azalmas\u0131 veya adetlerin kesilmesi
\u2022 Gebe kalamama (k\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131k)
\u2022 Libido (Cinsel istek) azl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve empotans
\u2022 Reflekslerin yava\u015f olmas\u0131<\/p>\n

T\u0130RO\u0130T BEZ\u0130 YETMEZL\u0130\u011e\u0130 NASIL TE\u015eH\u0130S ED\u0130L\u0130R?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hipotiroidi hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 kan testleriyle kolayl\u0131kla te\u015fhis edilir.<\/p>\n

Serbest T3, T4, TSH, anti-TG anti-TPO antikorlar\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcr ve tiroit ultrasonu yap\u0131l\u0131r. Serum T3 d\u00fczeyleri de\u011fi\u015fkendir ve hipotiroidi olsa bile bazen normal s\u0131n\u0131rda olabilir,<\/p>\n

Serbest T4 hormonu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck ve TSH y\u00fcksek ise hipotiroidi tan\u0131s\u0131 konur<\/p>\n

Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 halindeki tiroit yetmezli\u011finde ise TSH hormonu hafif y\u00fcksektir, T3 ve T4 hormonlar\u0131 normal s\u0131n\u0131rlar i\u00e7indedir.
Bu hastalarda \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclen anti-TPO ve anti- Tiroglobulin antikorlar\u0131 kanda y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u0131karsa tiroid yetmezli\u011fini Hashimoto hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131na karar verilir.<\/p>\n

Tam tiroid yetmezli\u011finde TSH hormonu daha y\u00fcksektir,T4 ve T3 hormonlar\u0131 da belirgin \u015fekilde d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

\u00c7ok nadiren beyindeki hipofiz bezi yetmezli\u011fine ba\u011fl\u0131 tiroid bezi yetmezli\u011fi olabilir, o zaman TSH hormonu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck, T4 ve T3 hormonu da d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Tiroit bezi yetmezli\u011fi te\u015fhis edilen hastalarda tam kan say\u0131m\u0131, karaci\u011fer testleri ve kolesterol, trigliserit ve LDK kolesterol tetkikleri ile kalp grafi\u011fi (EKG) tetkiki yap\u0131l\u0131r. Kalp hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 riskini anlamak i\u00e7in kanda homosistein ve hassas CRP tetkiklerine bak\u0131lmas\u0131 faydal\u0131d\u0131r. Kans\u0131zl\u0131k varsa kanda ferritin, B12 vitamini ve folat d\u00fczeylerine bak\u0131larak demir eksikli\u011fi veya vitamin eksikli\u011fi olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Hipotiroidili hastalar\u0131n % 30-40\u2019\u0131nda anemi (kans\u0131zl\u0131k), % 15\u2019inde demir eksikli\u011fi (kanda ferritin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc) saptan\u0131r. Baz\u0131 hastalarda kanda folik asit vitamini ve B12 vitamini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00e7\u0131kabilir. Bu hastalarda eksik olan vitamin ila\u00e7larla tedavi edilir.<\/p>\n

Hipotiroid hastalarda kan ya\u011flar\u0131 y\u00fcksektir. Trigliseritte hafif art\u0131\u015f olurken, total kolesterol, LDL kolesterol\u00fc belirgin artar.
Hipotiroidiye ba\u011fl\u0131 homosistein ve CRP d\u00fczeyleri y\u00fckseldi\u011finde koroner arter hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 riski artar.<\/p>\n

T\u0130RO\u0130T BEZ\u0130 YETMEZL\u0130\u011e\u0130N\u0130N TEDAV\u0130S\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hipotiroidide ameliyat gerekmez, ila\u00e7 tedavisinden ba\u015fka bir tedavi \u015fekli yoktur. V\u00fccudumuzda tiroit hormonlar\u0131 az oldu\u011fundan d\u0131\u015fardan verilecek T3-T4 i\u00e7eren ila\u00e7lar ile eksiklik giderilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131r. Bu ila\u00e7lar\u0131n i\u00e7inde v\u00fccutta yap\u0131lan T4 hormonunun ayn\u0131s\u0131 vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130la\u00e7 g\u00fcnde bir defa, emilimin iyi olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in de a\u00e7 karna al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Demir ila\u00e7lar\u0131, kalsiyum ila\u00e7lar\u0131, baz\u0131 mide ila\u00e7lar\u0131, antiasitler, soya ya\u011f\u0131, lifli-posal\u0131 g\u0131dalar ve ila\u00e7lar tiroit ilac\u0131n\u0131n emilimini bozar. Bu nedenle m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011fu kadar tiroid ilac\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6\u011f\u00fcnde al\u0131nmamal\u0131d\u0131r.
\u0130la\u00e7 kullanan hastalar hormon \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in kan verecekleri zaman ilac\u0131 yutmadan kan vermelidir. Kan verdikten sonra ila\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 alabilirler. \u0130la\u00e7 al\u0131nd\u0131ktan 9 saat sonra da kan verebilirler.<\/p>\n

Hipotiroidi \u00f6m\u00fcr boyu tedavi edilmesi gereken bir hastal\u0131kt\u0131r. Ge\u00e7ici bir hastal\u0131k de\u011fildir. \u0130lac\u0131 kesilirse \u015fikayetler tekrarlar.<\/p>\n

\u0130yile\u015fme Ne Zaman Ba\u015flar?<\/strong>
\u0130la\u00e7 tedavisine ba\u015flad\u0131ktan 2\u20134 hafta sonra \u015fik\u00e2yetlerde d\u00fczelme ba\u015flar.<\/p>\n

\u0130la\u00e7 Ne kadar S\u00fcre Kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong>
Tiroit bezi yetmezli\u011fi (hipotiroidizm) \u00f6m\u00fcr boyu ila\u00e7 tedavisi gerektirebilen bir hastal\u0131kt\u0131r. <\/p>\n

\u0130la\u00e7 Dozu Nas\u0131l Ayarlan\u0131r?<\/strong>
Her hastan\u0131n ila\u00e7 dozu de\u011fi\u015fiktir. Test ve muayene bulgular\u0131na g\u00f6re ila\u00e7 dozu ve s\u00fcresi belirlenir<\/p>\n

\u0130lac\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 dozu hastan\u0131n ya\u015f\u0131na, kilosuna, tiroit yetmezli\u011finin \u015fiddetine, a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011fa, hipotiroidi yapan nedene, var olan ba\u015fka hastal\u0131klara ve kullan\u0131lan ila\u00e7lar g\u00f6re ayarlan\u0131r. Gebelikte hipotiroidi varsa gebelik s\u0131ras\u0131nda s\u0131kl\u0131kla kullan\u0131lan demir ilac\u0131, vitaminler ve kalsiyum gibi ila\u00e7lar\u0131 tiroit ilac\u0131n\u0131 ald\u0131ktan en az 4 saat sonra almak gerekir.<\/p>\n

Y\u00fcksek doz ila\u00e7 ba\u015flan\u0131rsa bazen psikoz, ajitasyon, \u00e7arp\u0131nt\u0131, sinirlilik, ishal, titreme ve uykusuzluk gibi yan etkiler geli\u015febilir.<\/p>\n

Radyoaktif iyot tedavisi veya ameliyat nedeniyle hipotiroidi geli\u015fmi\u015f ise ila\u00e7 dozu ayarland\u0131ktan sonra belirli aral\u0131klarla TSH \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fcyle takip edilmelidir.<\/p>\n

Yap\u0131lan baz\u0131 bilimsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda tiroit ilac\u0131na ilave olarak selenyum verilmesinin anti-TPO antikorlar\u0131nda azalma yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 saptanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu nedenle selenyum d\u00fczeyine bak\u0131p ilave selenyum deste\u011fi verilebilir.<\/p>\n

Hangi Durumlarda Daha S\u0131k Kontrol Gerekir?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tiroit ila\u00e7lar\u0131 kalbin daha h\u0131zl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na neden olabilece\u011finden ya\u015fl\u0131 ve kalp hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan ki\u015filerde ve hamilelerde daha s\u0131k kontrol yap\u0131lmal\u0131 ila\u00e7 dozlar\u0131 ayarlanmal\u0131d\u0131r.
Uzun s\u00fcredir tiroit ilac\u0131n\u0131 ayn\u0131 dozda kullanan bir hastada beklenmedik \u015fekilde
TSH d\u00fczeyinde artma neden olur?<\/p>\n

Tiroit ilac\u0131 kullananlarda ila\u00e7 dozu fazla oldu\u011funda bazen ba\u015f d\u00f6nmesi, \u00e7arp\u0131nt\u0131, sinirlilik ve sa\u00e7 d\u00f6k\u00fclmesi yapabilir, ila\u00e7 dozu yetersiz oldu\u011funda ise yorgunluk, halsizlik gibi \u015fik\u00e2yetler d\u00fczelmez. Dikkatli olunmal\u0131d\u0131r.
Tiroit ilac\u0131 ile birlikte ba\u015fka baz\u0131 ila\u00e7lar al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, tiroit ilac\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n emilimini bozabilir. Atrofik gastrit denilen mide hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ve devam eden Helikobakter Pilori enfeksiyonu olan ki\u015filerde mide asiti azald\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ila\u00e7 emilimi bozulabilir. \u0130la\u00e7 dozunu yeniden ayarlamak gerekir.<\/p>\n

Ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131kta. gebelikte, kilo art\u0131\u015flar\u0131nda, yo\u011fun sigara i\u00e7enlerde de ila\u00e7 dozunu daha s\u0131k kontrol etmek gerekir.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Hipotiroidi, tiroid bezi yetmezli\u011fi, az \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan tiroid bezi Konu hakk\u0131nda detayl\u0131 ve g\u00fcncel bilgiler i\u00e7in bu makaleyi okuyun<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1186,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[152,71,38,42,364],"class_list":["post-1185","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kulak-burun-bogaz","tag-hormon","tag-ilac","tag-neden","tag-tedavi","tag-tiroit"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/odyova.com\/haberler\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1185","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/odyova.com\/haberler\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/odyova.com\/haberler\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/odyova.com\/haberler\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/odyova.com\/haberler\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1185"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/odyova.com\/haberler\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1185\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1188,"href":"https:\/\/odyova.com\/haberler\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1185\/revisions\/1188"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/odyova.com\/haberler\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1186"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/odyova.com\/haberler\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1185"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/odyova.com\/haberler\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1185"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/odyova.com\/haberler\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1185"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}