{"id":1411,"date":"2024-04-30T16:12:07","date_gmt":"2024-04-30T13:12:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/odyova.com\/haberler\/?p=1411"},"modified":"2024-04-30T16:12:07","modified_gmt":"2024-04-30T13:12:07","slug":"ust-solunum-yolu-enfeksiyonlari-ve-korunma","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/odyova.com\/haberler\/ust-solunum-yolu-enfeksiyonlari-ve-korunma\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00dcst solunum yolu enfeksiyonlar\u0131 ve korunma"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/odyova.com\/haberler\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/ust-solunum-yolu-enfeksiyonlari-ve-korunma-0-bY9rINnq.jpg\"><\/figure>\n<p> \u00dcst solunum yolu enfeksiyonu, \u00fcst solunum yolunu tutan enfeksiy\u00f6z hastal\u0131klar\u0131 genel olarak tan\u0131mlayan bir kavramd\u0131r. K\u0131\u015f mevsiminin gelmesi ve havalar\u0131n so\u011fumas\u0131yla birlikte \u00fcst solunum yolu enfeksiyonlar\u0131 \u00f6nemli bir sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunu haline gelmektedir.<br \/><em>Bunun 2 \u00f6nemli nedeni;<\/em><br \/> &#8211;So\u011fuk hava ve ani \u0131s\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fimlerinin ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sistemini zay\u0131flatmas\u0131<br \/> &#8211;Bula\u015f\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n bu mevsimde artmas\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>  So\u011fuk havalarda kapal\u0131 ortamlarda daha fazla zaman ge\u00e7irilmektedir ve \u0131s\u0131 yal\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 endi\u015fesi ile havaland\u0131rma yetersiz olmaktad\u0131r. Nezle, grip, farenjit(bo\u011faz enfeksiyonu) , larenjit (g\u0131rtlak enfeksiyonu), tonsillit (bademcik enfeksiyonu), sin\u00fczit, orta kulak enfeksiyonu \u00fcst solunum yollar\u0131 enfeksiyonlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yer almaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><strong>NEZLE;<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>En s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclen \u00fcst solunum yolu enfeksiyonudur.<br \/>  Vir\u00fcsler etkendir.<br \/>  Burun t\u0131kan\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131, burun ak\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131, hap\u015f\u0131rma, \u00f6ks\u00fcr\u00fck, halsizlik, hafif ate\u015f y\u00fcksekli\u011fi ile seyreder.<br \/>  Tedavide istirahat ve bol s\u0131v\u0131 al\u0131nmas\u0131, a\u011fr\u0131 kesiciler, burun a\u00e7\u0131c\u0131 spreyler ve burun ak\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 kesmeye y\u00f6nelik \u015fikayetleri azaltan ila\u00e7lar kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<br \/>  Antibiyotik kullan\u0131m\u0131na gerek yoktur. \u015eikayetler ortalama 5 g\u00fcnde ge\u00e7er.<\/p>\n<p><strong>GR\u0130P;<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u015eikayetler nezle gibidir, ancak daha \u015fiddetli seyreder.<br \/>  Vir\u00fcslerle olu\u015fan bir enfeksiyondur.<br \/>  Kas a\u011fr\u0131lar\u0131, eklem a\u011fr\u0131lar\u0131 ve halsizlik belirgindir. \u015eiddetli \u00f6ks\u00fcr\u00fck, y\u00fcksek ate\u015f e\u015flik edebilir.<br \/>  Kronik hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 olanlarda (kalp hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u015feker hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131, ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sistemini bozan hastal\u0131klar) daha a\u011f\u0131r seyredip h\u0131zl\u0131 ilerleyebilir.<br \/>  Tedavide istirahat, bol s\u0131v\u0131 al\u0131m\u0131 ve destek tedavisi gerekir.<br \/>  Grip a\u015f\u0131lar\u0131 gripten koruyabilir ya da daha hafif atlat\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Riskli hastalar ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere herkes sonbahar aylar\u0131nda grip a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 yapt\u0131rabilir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>FARENJ\u0130T;  <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Bo\u011faz a\u011fr\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n en s\u0131k nedenidir. Genellikle vir\u00fcslerin neden oldu\u011fu bir bo\u011faz enfeksiyonudur.<br \/>  Bo\u011fazda kuruluk, yanma, \u00f6ks\u00fcr\u00fck, ate\u015f, halsizlik gibi \u015fikayetlere neden olur.<br \/>  Tedavisinde a\u011fr\u0131 kesiciler, bo\u011faz spreyi ya da gargaralar ve gerekli durumlarda antibiyotikler verilir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>LARENJ\u0130T;<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>G\u0131rtlak b\u00f6lgesinin enfeksiyonudur, farenjite benzer \u015fikayetlere ek olarak ses k\u0131s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bo\u011fazda yabanc\u0131 cisim hissi olur.<\/p>\n<p><strong>TONS\u0130LL\u0130T;<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>  Bademciklerin enfeksiyonudur.<br \/>  Y\u00fcksek ate\u015f, halsizlik, bo\u011faz a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, yutma g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, boyunda bezelerde \u015fi\u015fme gibi \u015fikayetlerle ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar.<br \/>  Tedavisinde antibiyotikler ve a\u011fr\u0131 kesiciler kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<br \/>  Bademcik enfeksiyonu sonras\u0131 nadirende olsa kalp, eklem romatizmas\u0131 geli\u015febilmektedir, tedavideki ana ama\u00e7lardan biri bu t\u00fcr hastal\u0131klar\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7mektir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>S\u0130N\u00dcZ\u0130T;<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Burun etraf\u0131nda yerle\u015fik  kemiklerin i\u00e7inde yer alan sin\u00fcs ad\u0131 verilen bo\u015fluklar\u0131n iltihab\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>  Burun t\u0131kan\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131, burundan koyu renkli ak\u0131nt\u0131, geniz ak\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131, ate\u015f, ba\u015f a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, a\u011f\u0131z kokusu, \u00f6ks\u00fcr\u00fck gibi \u015fikayetlere neden olur.<br \/>  Antibiyotikler, a\u011fr\u0131 kesiciler ve burnu a\u00e7maya y\u00f6nelik yard\u0131mc\u0131 tedaviler uygulan\u0131r. Varsa burundaki yap\u0131sal bozukluklar\u0131n ve alerjinin tedavi edilmesi de n\u00fcksleri \u00f6nlemede yard\u0131mc\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><strong>ORTA KULAK ENFEKS\u0130YONU;<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>  Genellikle burun t\u0131kan\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131na neden olan ba\u015fka bir \u00fcst solunum yolu enfeksiyonu sonras\u0131nda geli\u015fir.<br \/>  Kulak a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, ate\u015f, i\u015fitme azl\u0131\u011f\u0131, kulakta dolgunluk gibi \u015fikayetler izlenir.<br \/>  Tedavisinde antibiyotikler s\u0131kl\u0131kla kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Orta kulak iltihab\u0131 sonras\u0131nda kulak zar\u0131nda delinme ve orta kulakta s\u0131v\u0131 birikimi geli\u015febilir, bu nedenle iyile\u015fme doktor kontrol\u00fcnde takip edilmelidir.<br \/>  \u00dcst solunum yolu viral enfeksiyonlar\u0131 bebeklerde nadir g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcrken, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00e7ocuklarda y\u0131lda ortalama 6-7 nezle-grip enfeksiyonu olu\u015fur. Yeti\u015fkinlerde g\u00f6r\u00fclme s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131, yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak y\u0131lda 2-3 enfeksiyon \u015feklindedir. Ya\u015fl\u0131larda da s\u0131kl\u0131k benzerdir, ancak komplikasyon olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00fcksektir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00dcST SOLUNUM YOLLARI ENFEKS\u0130YONLARINDAN KORUNMA<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> \u00d6zellikle k\u0131\u015f aylar\u0131nda ve ge\u00e7i\u015f d\u00f6nemlerinde \u00f6zen gerekir. Ancak bu hastal\u0131klardan mutlak korunma m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir.<br \/> \u00dcst solunum yolu enfeksiyonlar\u0131 s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 azaltmak i\u00e7in al\u0131nabilecek \u00f6nlemler, tak\u0131nt\u0131 haline getirmemek ve sosyal ili\u015fkileri bozmamak kayd\u0131yla, \u015fu \u015fekilde \u00f6zetlenebilir:<\/p>\n<p>-D\u00fczenli, dengeli ve do\u011fal beslenmek, \u00f6zellikle C vitamini y\u00f6n\u00fcnden zengin g\u0131dalar\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131<br \/>  -D\u00fczenli s\u0131v\u0131 al\u0131m\u0131,<br \/>  -D\u00fczenli uyku, d\u00fczenli ya\u015fam sa\u011flamak.<br \/>  -D\u00fczenli \u015fekilde hafif tempoda egzersiz yapmak.<br \/>  -Ani s\u0131cak-so\u011fuk hava de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finden ka\u00e7\u0131nmak.<br \/>  -Kapal\u0131 ortamlar\u0131 d\u00fczenli \u015fekilde havaland\u0131rmak.<br \/>  -Sosyal ili\u015fkileri yaralamadan, nezleli gripli insanlarla yak\u0131n temastan ka\u00e7\u0131nmak.<br \/>  -Hava durumu takip edilerek uygun giysilerin giyilmesi<br \/>  -Hasta ki\u015filer \u00f6ks\u00fcrme ve hap\u015f\u0131rma s\u0131ras\u0131nda a\u011f\u0131z ve burun b\u00f6lgesini mendille kapatmal\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>  -Riskli yerlerde (hastane, kre\u015f, bak\u0131mevi, k\u0131\u015fla, okul vb.) bulunan ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan hasta ki\u015filerin maske kullanmas\u0131<br \/>  -Hasta ki\u015filer etrafa bula\u015f\u0131 engellemek i\u00e7in, m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca kalabal\u0131k ortamlarda bulunmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><strong>GR\u0130P A\u015eISI<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> Grip a\u015f\u0131s\u0131, etkinli\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan tart\u0131\u015fmalar olsa da, uzun d\u00f6nemdir kullan\u0131lan, bireysel sa\u011fl\u0131k ve toplum sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan getirileri olan koruyucu bir uygulamad\u0131r.<br \/> Bu a\u015f\u0131n\u0131n zaafiyetleri, yaln\u0131z birka\u00e7 vir\u00fcse kar\u015f\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sa\u011flamas\u0131 ve a\u015f\u0131 uygulamas\u0131n\u0131n her k\u0131\u015f yenilenmesi ihtiyac\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/> Her y\u0131l D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan, \u00f6nceki y\u0131l d\u00fcnyada en fazla grip salg\u0131n\u0131 yapm\u0131\u015f 3 vir\u00fcs su\u015fu belirlenir, ilkbahar aylar\u0131nda bu vir\u00fcslere kar\u015f\u0131 a\u015f\u0131 geli\u015ftirilir, yaz aylar\u0131nda piyasaya verilir ve k\u0131\u015fa yak\u0131n sonbahar aylar\u0131nda bu a\u015f\u0131 uygulan\u0131r. A\u015f\u0131lanan ki\u015fi bu 3 vir\u00fcs su\u015funa kar\u015f\u0131 2-3 hafta i\u00e7inde ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k geli\u015ftirir, b\u00f6ylece bunlar\u0131n yapabilecekleri enfeksiyonlardan korunmu\u015f olur. Ancak do\u011fald\u0131r ki ba\u015fka vir\u00fcs su\u015flar\u0131, a\u015f\u0131l\u0131 ki\u015filerde de grip olu\u015fturabilir.<br \/> A\u015f\u0131lanma neticesinde t\u00fcm grip vakalar\u0131 \u00f6nlenemese de a\u015f\u0131l\u0131 ki\u015filerin grip olma ihtimalleri d\u00fc\u015fer, ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde toplumda b\u00fcy\u00fck salg\u0131n ihtimalleri k\u0131smen azalm\u0131\u015f olur.<br \/> Grip a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 uygulanmas\u0131, mutlak korunman\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bilinmesi kayd\u0131yla; ya\u015fl\u0131larda, kalp hastal\u0131klar\u0131-solunum sistemi hastal\u0131klar\u0131-diabet gibi m\u00fczmin rahats\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olanlarda, ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k zaafiyeti durumlar\u0131nda ve sa\u011fl\u0131k personelinde daha anlaml\u0131d\u0131r. Ancak a\u015f\u0131 uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131n t\u0131bb\u0131n di\u011fer konular\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gibi, hekime dan\u0131\u015f\u0131larak vaka baz\u0131nda kararlarla yap\u0131lmas\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 y\u00f6ntemdir.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00dcst solunum yolu enfeksiyonlar\u0131 ve korunma Konu hakk\u0131nda detayl\u0131 ve g\u00fcncel bilgiler i\u00e7in bu makaleyi okuyun<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1412,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[354,32,97,25,92],"class_list":["post-1411","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kulak-burun-bogaz","tag-asi","tag-burun","tag-grip","tag-hasta","tag-orta"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/odyova.com\/haberler\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1411","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/odyova.com\/haberler\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/odyova.com\/haberler\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/odyova.com\/haberler\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/odyova.com\/haberler\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1411"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/odyova.com\/haberler\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1411\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1414,"href":"https:\/\/odyova.com\/haberler\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1411\/revisions\/1414"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/odyova.com\/haberler\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1412"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/odyova.com\/haberler\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1411"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/odyova.com\/haberler\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1411"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/odyova.com\/haberler\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1411"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}