{"id":708,"date":"2024-04-28T18:12:06","date_gmt":"2024-04-28T15:12:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/odyova.com\/haberler\/?p=708"},"modified":"2024-04-28T18:12:06","modified_gmt":"2024-04-28T15:12:06","slug":"farenjit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/odyova.com\/haberler\/farenjit\/","title":{"rendered":"Farenjit"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/figure>\n

Farinks mukozas\u0131n\u0131n spesifik olmayan etkenler taraf\u0131ndan infeksiyonu sonucu\u00a0
meydana gelen tablodur.<\/p>\n

Waldeyer Halkas\u0131nda mevcut lenf d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcmlerinden herhangi birine yerle\u015fen bir infeksiyon di\u011ferlerine de yay\u0131larak farenjite sebep olabilir.
Bu lenf d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcmleri s\u0131ras\u0131 ile\u00a0
1. Tonsilla Palatina ( Bademcik ): A\u011f\u0131z i\u00e7i, dilk\u00f6k\u00fc yumu\u015fak damak etekleri\u00a0
yanlar\u0131nda bir \u00e7ifttir.
2. T. Pharyngea (Adenoid ): Nazofarinkste (Genizde) orta hatta
3. T. Tubaria: Nazofarinks (Genizde) \u00d6ztaki borusu a\u011fz\u0131nda, yanlarda, bir \u00e7ift.
4. T. Lingualis: Dil k\u00f6k\u00fcnde , tektir ve bunlar\u0131 birbirine ba\u011flayan\u00a0
5. Lateral Farengeal bandlardan meydana gelir.<\/p>\n

Waldeyer halkas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zelli\u011fi:\u00a0
1. Hepsi bir lenf d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcd\u00fcr. Ancak her lenf d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn lenfay\u0131 getirici ve g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc\u00a0
damar\u0131 olmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k bu lenf d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcmlerinin getirici kanallar\u0131 yoktur. Lenfoid\u00a0
dokular\u0131n hakim organ\u0131 da de\u011fildir.\u00a0
3. D\u0131\u015f y\u00fczeyi \u00fczerine gelen materyeli temizleme fonksiyonu yoktur.
4. D\u0131\u015far\u0131dan al\u0131nan CHE'ne kar\u015f\u0131 bir engel te\u015fkil eder ancak bu infeksiyonlar\u0131\u00a0
\u00f6nleyen tek fakt\u00f6r olamaz!<\/p>\n

Farenks \u00fc\u00e7 k\u0131s\u0131ma ayr\u0131l\u0131r.\u00a0<\/p>\n

1- Nazofarinks: Genzimizde, kafa taban\u0131, ostaki borular\u0131, torus tubarisler,\u00a0
Burun bo\u015flu\u011fu arka hudutu, yumu\u015fak damak etekleri ve uvula(k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck dil)\u00a0
k\u00f6k\u00fc arkas\u0131na kadar uzanan b\u00f6l\u00fcmd\u00fcr.
2- Orofarinks: A\u011f\u0131z i\u00e7ine bak\u0131l\u0131nca, Yumu\u015fak damak etekleri, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck dil,\u00a0
bademcikler, dil k\u00f6k\u00fc iz d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc, i\u00e7ine alan b\u00f6l\u00fcmd\u00fcr.
3- Hipofarinks: Dil k\u00f6k\u00fcn\u00fcn g\u00f6r\u00fcnen b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn alt\u0131nda, g\u0131rtla\u011f\u0131m\u0131za kadar uzanan\u00a0
ve g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f alan\u0131m\u0131zdan \u00e7\u0131kan, doktorun muayene ile g\u00f6rebilece\u011fi, Epiglot ( G\u0131rtlak\u00a0
kapa\u011f\u0131), ses telleri, yalanc\u0131 ses telerini i\u00e7ine alan b\u00f6l\u00fcmd\u00fcr.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131da da bahsetti\u011fimiz gibi, bu \u00fc\u00e7 b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn infeksiyonuna farenjit ad\u0131n\u0131 vermekteyiz.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Farenjitler de Akut Farenjit ve Kronik Farenjit olmak \u00fczere \u0130kiye ayr\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Akut farenjitler:
– Ate\u015f
– Yutma g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc\u011f\u00fc\u00a0
– Farinks mukozas\u0131nda hiperemi ve \u00f6dem<\/p>\n

Etyoloji:\u00a0
% 97 Vir\u00fcsler taraf\u0131ndan, % 3 Streptokoklar ve di\u011fer bakterilerce meydana
getirilirler.\u00a0
– Viral farenjitler b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlukla k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00e7ocuklarda
– Bakteriyel olanlar okul \u00e7a\u011f\u0131nda ve eri\u015fkinlerde g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr
– V\u00fccuttaki genel bir infeksiyon (mesela k\u0131z\u0131l, k\u0131zam\u0131k) seyri s\u0131ras\u0131nda lokal bir farenjit\u00a0
de meydana gelebilir.
– Akut farenjitlerin olu\u015fu ve seyir \u015fiddetinde etkenin tipi, miktar\u0131, virulans\u0131 ve hastan\u0131n\u00a0
diren\u00e7 durumu, immunite durumu da \u00f6nemli rol oynar\u00a0
– Farenjitlerde bula\u015fma 1) damlac\u0131k yoluyla ve 2) kontakt yolla olur\u00a0
Ayr\u0131ca:
– Hastan\u0131n \u00fcst ve alt solunum yollar\u0131nda kronik bir infeksiyon s\u00f6z konusuysa bu\u00a0
kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 bir zemindir
– Hastan\u0131n burun yoluyla solunumuna mani olan bir patoloji mevcutsa bu da\u00a0
kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r
– So\u011fuk: 1) damarlarda dola\u015f\u0131m bozuklu\u011fu yapar, 2) etkiledi\u011fi sahada antikor\u00a0
te\u015fekk\u00fcl\u00fcne engel olur!
– Sigara ve alkoll\u00fc i\u00e7kiler, baharatl\u0131 g\u0131dalarda kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131d\u0131rlar mukoza tahribat\u0131\u00a0
yaparlar
– Alerji
– A ve D avitaminozlar\u0131 ve beslenme bozukluklar\u0131
– Anatomik anomaliler (damak yar\u0131klar\u0131, koanalar\u0131n fazla b\u00fcy\u00fck veya k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck\u00a0
olmas\u0131) neden olabilir.<\/p>\n

Patoloji:\u00a0
Mukoza damarlar\u0131nda ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta bir dilatasyon ve konjesyon vard\u0131r. Serum,\u00a0
l\u00f6kosit ve lenfositler damar d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131karlar. B\u00f6ylece mukoza alt\u0131nda \u00f6dem olur.\u00a0
Gerginle\u015fen mukoza kuruluk, yanma hislerini meydana getirir. Birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn sonra\u00a0
ise sekretuar bezlerin salg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131yla mukoza sekresyonla \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Klinik:\u00a0
? Myxovirus influenza
– Y\u00fcksek ate\u015f
– Bo\u011faz a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, yutma g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc\u011f\u00fc
– Daima rhinitis ile beraber
– A2 su\u015fu: Daima konjesyon ve mukoza kanamalar\u0131<\/p>\n

? Myxovirus parainfluenza
– Larinjit, trakeit ile beraber; \u00e7ocuklarda bronkopn\u00f6moni de yapar ve \u00f6l\u00fcmlere yol a\u00e7abilir.\u00a0<\/p>\n

? Adenoviruslar
– Faringokonjonktivit humma
– Y\u00fcksek ate\u015f
– G\u00f6zde konjonktivit ile beraber<\/p>\n

? Coxsackie:\u00a0
– Daima k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00e7ocuklarda\u00a0
– Herpangina\u00a0
– Vesik\u00fcler farinjit; bir s\u00fcre sonra patlarlar ve \u00fczerleri fibrinle \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fc k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck\u00a0
\u00fclserasyonlar halini al\u0131rlar.
– \u00c7ok \u015fiddetli a\u011fr\u0131, \u00e7ocuklarda devaml\u0131 a\u011flama, beyaz k\u00fcre art\u0131m\u0131 (l\u00f6kositoz)<\/p>\n

? Polio
– Farinjit ile seyreden formu da vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Tedavi:\u00a0
1. Yatak istirahati
2. Analjezikler, antipiretikler
3. Y\u00fcksek ate\u015f varsa: Antibiotikler (Virus infeksiyonlar\u0131na bir s\u00fcre sonra\u00a0
streptokok s\u00fcperinfeksiyonlar\u0131 da eklenir!)<\/p>\n

Kronik farinjitler:<\/p>\n

Etyoloji:
Akut farinjitlerin s\u0131k s\u0131k tekrarlamas\u0131 sonucu geli\u015firler<\/p>\n

Kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 fakt\u00f6rler:
– Diyabet, gut gibi metabolizma hastal\u0131klar\u0131
– Dola\u015f\u0131m ve solunum hastal\u0131klar\u0131 (kalp yetersizli\u011finde !)
– B\u00f6brek hastal\u0131klar\u0131
– Karaci\u011fer hastal\u0131klar\u0131
– Sindirim sistemi hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131\u00a0
– Burun t\u0131kan\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131, ak\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 yapan nedenler
– \u00c7evre \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131n ahijyenik olmas\u0131 (devaml\u0131 buharl\u0131 yerlerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar !)\u00a0
(tozlar, gazlar, sigara)\u00a0<\/p>\n

Patoloji – Klinik – Tedavi:\u00a0<\/p>\n

1. Pharyngitis hyperplastica catarrhale (simplex):\u00a0
Mukoza da ileri derecede \u00f6dem ve hiperemi mevcuttur.<\/p>\n

Tedavi:\u00a0
1. Sebep olan kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 fakt\u00f6rler engellenmeli
2. Semptomatik: Pastiller, gargaralar<\/p>\n

2. a. Pharyngitis granulosa:\u00a0
Arka duvar\u0131n\u0131n lenf follik\u00fclleri ileri derecede hipertrofizedir.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Tedavi:\u00a0
1. Kimyasal koterizasyon veya
2. Elektrokoter uygulanabilir<\/p>\n

b. Pharyngitis lateralis:\u00a0
– Farinks arka duvar\u0131 ile yan duvar\u0131n birle\u015fti\u011fi k\u00f6\u015fede, nazofarinksden\u00a0
hipofarinkse kadar devam eder (Waldeyer halkas\u0131na ilave edilen) lenfoid\u00a0
kordonun infekte olmas\u0131yla meydana gelir.
– Kula\u011fa do\u011fru vuran, kulaklarda dolgunluk, \u015fiddetli a\u011fr\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Sabahlar\u0131\u00a0
uykudan a\u011fr\u0131 ile uyan\u0131l\u0131r. Yar\u0131m saat sonra ge\u00e7er.
– Kordonlar \u015fi\u015f ve k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131<\/p>\n

– Tedavi:
1. Dilde kimyasal koterizasyon
2. K\u00fcretaj ile bu dokunun temizlenmesi<\/p>\n

3. Pharyngitis sicca (Atrofik farenjit):\u00a0
Di\u011fer farinjitlerin b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlukla erkeklerde g\u00f6r\u00fclmesine mukabil, bu\u00a0
kad\u0131nlarda g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Mukoza ileri derecede incelmi\u015ftir. Submukoza damarlar\u0131\u00a0
g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Hormonal bozukluklara ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir. Atrofik rinit gibi\u00a0
bir mukoza atrofisi vard\u0131r. Kuruluk ve kabuk te\u015fekk\u00fcl\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Tedavi:
1. \u00d6strojen, Progesteron
2. Vazodilatat\u00f6rler
3. A ve D vitamini\u00a0
4. Kabuklar\u0131 temizlemek \u00fczeri ya\u011fl\u0131 damlalar buruna damlat\u0131l\u0131r!<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Farenjit Konu hakk\u0131nda detayl\u0131 ve g\u00fcncel bilgiler i\u00e7in bu makaleyi okuyun<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":709,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[257,67,278,76],"class_list":["post-708","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kulak-burun-bogaz","tag-damar","tag-dil","tag-meydana","tag-yol"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/odyova.com\/haberler\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/708","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/odyova.com\/haberler\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/odyova.com\/haberler\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/odyova.com\/haberler\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/odyova.com\/haberler\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=708"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/odyova.com\/haberler\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/708\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":711,"href":"https:\/\/odyova.com\/haberler\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/708\/revisions\/711"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/odyova.com\/haberler\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/709"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/odyova.com\/haberler\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=708"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/odyova.com\/haberler\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=708"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/odyova.com\/haberler\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=708"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}