{"id":714,"date":"2024-04-28T18:36:07","date_gmt":"2024-04-28T15:36:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/odyova.com\/haberler\/?p=714"},"modified":"2024-04-28T18:36:07","modified_gmt":"2024-04-28T15:36:07","slug":"anjinler","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/odyova.com\/haberler\/anjinler\/","title":{"rendered":"Anjinler"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/figure>\n

Waldeyer Halkas\u0131'n\u0131n non-spesifik hastal\u0131k etkenleri ile tutulmas\u0131ndan meydana gelen infeksiyonlar\u0131d\u0131r.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Waldeyer Halkas\u0131, a\u011f\u0131z i\u00e7i ve genizde bulunan lenf d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcmleri toplulu\u011fudur. Bunlardan en \u00f6nemlisi, a\u011f\u0131z i\u00e7inde dil k\u00f6k\u00fcn\u00fcn, yumu\u015fak dama\u011f\u0131n sa\u011f ve solunda ve bo\u011faz\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n giri\u015finde yer alan, halk taraf\u0131ndan bademcik olarak isimlendirilen, bir \u00e7ift lenf d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/span><\/p>\n

Adenoid ad\u0131 verilen di\u011fer lenf nodu genizde ve orta hatta yer almaktad\u0131r. Tektir. Ostaki t\u00fcp\u00fc a\u011fz\u0131nda da bir \u00e7ift lenf nodu bulunmakta<\/span><\/p>\n

Dil k\u00f6k\u00fcnde bir tek olmak \u00fczere toplam alt\u0131 adet lenf d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7ermektedir.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Ayr\u0131ca bu lenf d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcmlerini birbirine ba\u011flayan lenfatik kanallar mevcuttur.<\/span><\/p>\n

Anjinler, Sadece tonsilleri tutan lokal infeksiyonlard\u0131r. Genel bir infeksiyonlarda tonsilleri s\u0131kl\u0131kla etkilemektedir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Anjinler, Akut olarak meydana gelir ve tedavi olmayan vakalar kronik olarak seyreder. Kripta ad\u0131 verilen tonsil kanalc\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n tutulmas\u0131 ve buralarda \u00f6l\u00fc bakteri ve mukoza art\u0131k ve d\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fclerinin birikmesi sonucu \u00fczeri beyaz noktac\u0131klardan olu\u015fan bir kirli sar\u0131 benekli g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar ki biz buna Kriptik Anjin ad\u0131n\u0131 vermekteyiz.<\/span><\/p>\n

Etyoloji:\u00a0<\/span>
-Hemolitik streptokok > (Stafilokok, Pn\u00f6mokok, H. influenzae) etken\u00a0<\/span>
olmaktad\u0131r<\/span>
-B\u00fcy\u00fck (hipertrofik) tonsiller<\/span>
-Kronik tonsillit\u00a0<\/span>
-So\u011fuk, k\u0131\u015f mevsimi<\/span>
-Alerjenik \u00e7evre \u015fartlar\u0131 (havas\u0131z; \u00e7ok s\u0131cak, kuru atmosfer)<\/span>
-Burun ve sin\u00fcs patolojileri sonucu meydana gelmektedir<\/span><\/p>\n

Akut Kataral Anjin (Superfisyel tonsiller anjin):<\/span>
-Ate\u015f 39 \u00b0C, halsizlik<\/span>
-Yutma g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc\u011f\u00fc<\/span>
-Bo\u011fazda a\u011fr\u0131<\/span>
-Kulakta dolgunluk<\/span>
-Bo\u011fuk, nezle konu\u015fmas\u0131, Lenfoid doku ve farinks mukozas\u0131nda, plica\u00a0<\/span>
anterior ve posteriorda konjesyon, hiperemi, \u00f6dem\u00a0<\/span>
-Dil pasl\u0131d\u0131r<\/span>
-Submandib\u00fcler lenfadenopati ile seyreder.<\/span><\/p>\n

Akut kriptik anjin ( Lak\u00fcner, follik\u00fcler ):<\/span>
-Y\u00fcksek ate\u015f<\/span>
-Yutma g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc\u011f\u00fc<\/span>
-Tonsilla palatina \u00fczerinde beyaz noktac\u0131klar halinde (kriptleri dolduran)\u00a0<\/span>
l\u00f6kosit,fibrin, epitel art\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 debris bulunur.Bazen bu noktalar b\u00fcy\u00fcr\u00a0<\/span>
ve membran \u015feklini de al\u0131r (Beyaz anjin)\u00a0<\/span>
-Farinks mukozas\u0131 sa\u011flamd\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Angina retronazalis ( Akut adenoidit )<\/span>
-Olay nazofarinkstedir\u00a0<\/span>
-Tonsilla pharyngica (Adenoid \u0096 geniz bademci\u011fi ) infektedir\u00a0<\/span>
-Genellikle \u00e7ocuklarda ve viral etyolojiye ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r<\/span>
-Y\u00fcksek ate\u015f vard\u0131r<\/span>
-Kula\u011fa vuran \u015fiddetli a\u011fr\u0131, kulakta dolgunluk<\/span>
-Akut otitis media olabilir! Bu anjinlerin s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131, tuban\u0131n k\u0131sa ve d\u00fcz olmas\u0131\u00a0<\/span>
\u00e7ocuklarda akut otitis media'n\u0131n s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 izah eder<\/span>
-Burun t\u0131kan\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dil k\u00f6k\u00fc anjinleri:<\/span>
-Daha ziyade travmaya ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r (Bal\u0131k k\u0131l\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 batmas\u0131, v.s.)\u00a0<\/span>
-Akut tonsillite refakat eder!\u00a0<\/span>
-Abseler olu\u015fabilir<\/span><\/p>\n

Nekrotik anjinler:<\/span>
1.Difteri anjini:\u00a0<\/span>
L\u00f6ffler basili (Corynebacteriun Diphteriae) ile pseudomemebranlarla\u00a0<\/span>
karakterize infeksiyondur<\/span>
% 60 farinks, % 8 larinks, % 8 burunda lokalize olur.<\/span>
Membran alt dokulara iyice yap\u0131\u015f\u0131kt\u0131r. Kolayca kalkmaz, kald\u0131r\u0131l\u0131nca kanama olu\u015fur\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Di\u011fer anjinlerden di\u011fer bir fark\u0131, membran\u0131n tonsilla palatina s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131na\u00a0<\/span>
ta\u015fabilmesidir. Subfebril ate\u015f (38\u00b0C)<\/span>
Boyunda adenopati, sert ve kal\u0131n boyun (Bo\u011fa boynu)<\/span><\/p>\n

Klinik formlar\u0131:<\/span>
– Farinks de Lokalize\u00a0<\/span>
– Farinks de Yayg\u0131n vaya<\/span>
– Toksik \u015fekilde g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr<\/span><\/p>\n

Tedavi: ( Kesinlikle doktor g\u00f6zetiminde uygulanmas\u0131 gerekir )<\/span>
1.Antidifterik (antitoksik) serum\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

2. Antibiotikler;penicilin<\/span><\/p>\n

Sonu\u00e7\u00a0<\/span>
– 1-2. g\u00fcnlerde kalpte dola\u015f\u0131m bozuklu\u011fu<\/span>
– 10-15. g\u00fcnlerde myokardit<\/span>
– 0-50. g\u00fcnlerde paraliziler<\/span><\/p>\n

2.Plaut-Vincent anjini (Difteroid angina):\u00a0<\/span>
– Fusiform basiller ve spiroketler taraf\u0131ndan meydana getirilir.<\/span>
– A\u011f\u0131z i\u00e7i ve tonsillerde, kirli gri membranlar + \u00fclserasyonlar olu\u015fur.<\/span>
– Halsizlik, ate\u015f, a\u011fr\u0131lar vard\u0131r.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Tedavi:<\/span>
1. Antibiotikler\u00a0<\/span>
2. Antipiretikler<\/span>
3. Bizmut preparatlar\u0131<\/span>
4. Burun damlalar\u0131, gargaralar\u00a0<\/span>
5. VAC.( A\u015f\u0131 )<\/span><\/p>\n

Kronik anjinler:<\/span>
-Akut anjinlerin s\u0131k s\u0131k tekrarlamas\u0131yla olu\u015fur, Hafif ate\u015f, k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131k, halsizlik, i\u015ftahs\u0131zl\u0131k\u00a0<\/span>
vard\u0131r.<\/span>
-Yumu\u015fak damak bademcik \u00f6n\u00fcsa\u00e7a\u011f\u0131nda (Plica anterior' da) 0,5 cm eninde ve\u00a0<\/span>
devaml\u0131 k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131l\u0131k (konjesyon)<\/span>
-Tonsilla palatina'ya ( Bademcik ) bas\u0131l\u0131nca kriptlerden magma denen beyaz, k\u00f6t\u00fc\u00a0<\/span>
kokulu madde (\u00f6l\u00fc epitel, iltihap h\u00fccreleri, mikroorganizmalar, g\u0131da kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131,\u00a0<\/span>
kolesterol kristalleri) \u00e7\u0131kar!\u00a0<\/span>
Tedavi:\u00a0<\/span>
-Kesinlikle cerrahi. Tonsillektomi ( Bademcik ) ameliyat\u0131<\/span>
-Adenoidektomi: Adenoid vejetasyon ameliyat\u0131\u00a0<\/span>
-Bu ameliyatlar, \u00c7ocuklarda ve eri\u015fkinlerde genel anestezi yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tonsillektomi endikasyonlar\u0131 ( Bademcik ameliyat\u0131 nezaman yap\u0131l\u0131r )<\/span>
– S\u0131k olarak tekrarlayan (1-2 ay) anjin ataklar\u0131<\/span>
– Hi\u00e7 ate\u015f olmadan da, ileri derecede hipertrofik tonsillalar ( solunum,\u00a0<\/span>
beslenme g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc\u011f\u00fc nedeni ile )\u00a0<\/span>
– Akut anjinlere ba\u011fl\u0131, akut eklem romatizmalar\u0131, akut glomerulonefrit olu\u015fmas\u0131<\/span>
– Difteri, infeksiy\u00f6z monon\u00fckleoz ge\u00e7irenlerde<\/span>
– Akut anjinlere ba\u011fl\u0131 peri-, intra-, tonsiller retrofaringeal abselerin te\u015fekk\u00fcl\u00fc<\/span>
– S\u0131k tekrarlayan otitis media<\/span>
– Servikal adenit t\u00fcberk\u00fcloz<\/span>
– Malignite \u015f\u00fcphesi halinde<\/span><\/p>\n

Tonsillektomi kontrendikasyonlar\u0131:<\/span>
Kan hastal\u0131klar\u0131: Hemofili<\/span>
– Hipertansiyon ( postoperatif kanama )<\/span>
– Akut \u00fcst solunum yollar\u0131 infeksiyonlar\u0131 ( son 1 ay )<\/span>
– Aktif akci\u011fer T\u00fcberk\u00fclozu – hematojen yay\u0131lma<\/span>
– Polio salg\u0131n\u0131 aylar\u0131nda k\u0131zam\u0131k, bo\u011fmaca salg\u0131nlar\u0131<\/span><\/p>\n

Tonsillektomi komplikasyonlar\u0131:<\/span>
-Kanama: % 70-80 erken (24 saat i\u00e7inde)<\/span>
% 20-30 ge\u00e7 (8.-10. g\u00fcnlerde): Sert g\u0131dalar\u0131n tahri\u015fi ile gran\u00fclasyon\u00a0<\/span>
dokusundan olur. 2 hafta sert g\u0131da al\u0131nmaz!<\/span>
-Tonsillan\u0131n yutulmas\u0131 veya aspirasyonu: Hasta \u00f6ne e\u011filip parmakla reflex\u00a0<\/span>
uyand\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r<\/span>
-Aspirasyon pn\u00f6moni ve abseleri<\/span>
-Paralizi: Sulu g\u0131dalar\u0131n burundan geri gelmesine yol a\u00e7ar. 15 g\u00fcnde ge\u00e7er<\/span>
-Uvula kesilebilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tonsillit Komplikasyonlar\u0131:\u00a0<\/span>
Akut anjinde veya kronik tonsillit de akut ataklarda Peritonsiller apse ve\u00a0<\/span>
retrofarengeal apseden bahsedilecektir.<\/span>
– Peritonsiller abse: Bademciklerin kom\u015fu b\u00f6lgesinde apse olu\u015fmas\u0131.<\/span>
– Y\u00fcksek ate\u015f, l\u00f6kositoz<\/span>
– Yutkunma g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, siyalore, kula\u011fa vuran a\u011fr\u0131lar<\/span>
– Uvula \u015fi\u015f ve \u00f6demli<\/span>
– Abse, \u015fi\u015f ve soluk renkte\u00a0<\/span>
– Pterigoid adale tutulursa trismus olu\u015fur\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Tedavi:\u00a0<\/span>
– Y\u00fczeyel anestezi (Pantocaine % 2-3 sol\u00fcsyonu + birka\u00e7 damla Adrenalin\u00a0<\/span>
parmaga damlat\u0131larak mukozalara s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr ve 5 dakika beklenir)<\/span>
– Absenin en belirgin oldu\u011fu sahaya 2-3 cm'lik insizyon yap\u0131larak bo\u015falmas\u0131\u00a0<\/span>
sa\u011flan\u0131r<\/span>
– Rivanol 0\/0 1 sol\u00fcsyon ile gargara yap\u0131l\u0131r\u00a0<\/span>
– Analjezik ve antibiyotikler verilir<\/span>
– Tekrar abse toplan\u0131rsa yeniden insizyon ve drenaj yap\u0131labilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Retrofaringeal abse:<\/span>
– Farinks arka duvar\u0131nda \u015fi\u015flik, soluk renk\u00a0<\/span>
– Ate\u015f, l\u00f6kositoz<\/span>
– Yutma g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc\u011f\u00fc vard\u0131r\u00a0<\/span>
– Tedavisi peritonsiller apse gibidir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Genel \u0130nfeksiyon Hastal\u0131klar\u0131nde A\u011f\u0131z-Farinks<\/span>
K\u0131z\u0131l:\u00a0<\/span>
– Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7, ba\u015fa\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 ve bo\u011faz a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131<\/span>
– Tonsiller ve farinks mukozas\u0131 parlak, k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 (\u00f6dem, hiperemi)<\/span>
– A\u011f\u0131z ve damak mukozas\u0131nda, sa\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f dar\u0131 manzaras\u0131<\/span>
– Dil, \u00e7ilek dili, k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131, papillalar hipertrofik\u00a0<\/span>
– Servikal lenfadenopati<\/span><\/p>\n

K\u0131zam\u0131k:\u00a0<\/span>
– Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7, bo\u011faz kurulu\u011fu ve yutma g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc\u011f\u00fc olur<\/span>
– A\u011f\u0131zda, 2. molar di\u015f hizas\u0131nda Koplik lekeleri\u00a0<\/span>
– Damakta toplu i\u011fne ba\u015f\u0131 enantemler<\/span>
– Farinks mukozas\u0131, kuru ve konjesyonedir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Su \u00c7i\u00e7e\u011fi:\u00a0<\/span>
-Cilt d\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fclerinden 12-48 saat \u00f6nce dudak, a\u011f\u0131z ve farinkste, vezik\u00fcller,\u00a0<\/span>
stomatitis aphtosa g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/span><\/p>\n

Herpes Simplex:\u00a0<\/span>
– Dudak, a\u011f\u0131z ve farinksde: Vezik\u00fcller, stomatitis aphtosa\u00a0<\/span>
– Primer.\u00a0<\/span>
– Sekonder (rek\u00fcrren) formlar\u0131 vard\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

www.drselcukonart.com<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Anjinler Konu hakk\u0131nda detayl\u0131 ve g\u00fcncel bilgiler i\u00e7in bu makaleyi okuyun<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":715,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[117,280,281,70,42],"class_list":["post-714","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kulak-burun-bogaz","tag-agiz","tag-akut","tag-ates","tag-sik","tag-tedavi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/odyova.com\/haberler\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/714","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/odyova.com\/haberler\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/odyova.com\/haberler\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/odyova.com\/haberler\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/odyova.com\/haberler\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=714"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/odyova.com\/haberler\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/714\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":717,"href":"https:\/\/odyova.com\/haberler\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/714\/revisions\/717"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/odyova.com\/haberler\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/715"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/odyova.com\/haberler\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=714"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/odyova.com\/haberler\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=714"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/odyova.com\/haberler\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=714"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}